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Adjuvant radiation therapy for breast cancer improves survival but may expose thoracic organs to low-dose radiation, increasing the risk of second primary lung cancer (SPLC). Racial and ethnic disparities and social factors influencing SPLC risk remain underexplored.

Early childhood caries (ECC) and saliva have been studied across disparate domains, including microbiome, fluoride, immune, oxidative-stress, and neuroendocrine research. However, the ECC-saliva literature has not previously been mapped as a connected system using modern natural language processing (NLP). This study treats PubMed titles and abstracts as data to identify major themes, emerging topics, and candidate neuroimmune axes in ECC-saliva research.

Background

This study characterizes temporal trends (1980-2020) of Surgery (SUR) research impact compared to Medicine (MED) and Biology (BIO) using Relative Citation Ratio (RCR), Field Citation Ratio (FCR), and Altmetric Attention Score. We hypothesize MED demonstrates significantly higher impact metrics than SUR.

Background

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the U.S. While racial and ethnic disparities in outcomes are known, long-term trends and the specific contribution of clinical and socioeconomic factors remain unclear.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a prevalent chronic condition that affects maternal and fetal health outcomes worldwide, increasingly in underserved populations. While generative artificial intelligence (AI) and large language models (LLMs) have shown promise in health care, their application in GDM management remains underexplored.

The proliferation of tobacco-related misinformation poses significant public health risks, requiring scalable solutions for credibility assessment. Traditional manual fact-checking approaches are resource-intensive and cannot match the pace of misinformation spread.