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To compare the real-world safety profiles of α1-adrenoceptor antagonists (α1-blockers), 5α-reductase inhibitors (5ARIs), and phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor (PDE5I) used in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

The novel HLA-DPA1*02:167 allele, differs from HLA-DPA1*02:10, by one non-synonymous nucleotide substitution in exon 3, codon 96.

People devalue empathic responses believed to be edited by artificial intelligence (AI). I propose that this reflects the role of empathy as a predictive social signal: genuine human empathy updates expectations about closeness and future commitment, a function that is weakened when empathy becomes cheap, automated, or outsourced.

Objective:

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) immunotherapies have revolutionized the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the frequent emergence of treatment resistance significantly limits the clinical efficacy of HCC immunotherapy. The molecular mechanisms underlying therapy resistance remain poorly understood.