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Artificial Intelligence (AI) chatbots are increasingly used in medicine, but their reliability in scenarios with multiple management options is unclear. Indeterminate thyroid nodules and low- to low-intermediate-risk papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) represent such cases.

To evaluate the performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) on optometry examination questions and compare their accuracy and readability with Bachelor of Optometry students.

Nearly 90% of Americans face health literacy challenges, limiting their ability to understand complex medical information. In plastic and reconstructive surgery, much of the literature exceeds recommended readability levels, creating barriers to patient education, including disparities-focused research. This study evaluated whether large language models (LLMs) can generate accurate and patient-accessible summaries of such research.

Vedolizumab is a monoclonal antibody approved for adults with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis and an inadequate response/intolerance to conventional, or anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) treatment. Additional efficacy data for second-line vedolizumab after first-line anti-TNF treatment are required to determine its optimal position in the treatment sequence.

SiC buried layers were snythesized by a metal vapor vacuum arc ion source,with C+ ions implanted into crystalline Si substrates.According to X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,the characteristic electron energy loss spectra of the SiC buried layers were studied.It was found that the characteristic electron energy loss spectra depend on the profiles of the carbon content,and correlate well with the order of the buried layers.

This study aimed to systematically evaluate five leading LLMs-ChatGPT, DeepSeek, Copilot, Gemini, and Perplexity-in providing MHD-related health information. The primary objectives were to determine (1) the reliability of MHD-related information generated by LLMs and (2) whether its readability meets the recommended standards for patient educational materials.